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  • 高中英语语法重点难点回顾-教学教案

    教案作者:佚名   教案来源:不详   教案栏目:高三英语教案    收藏本页

          主谓一致常考难题:
          Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.
          Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future.
          More than one student has seen the film.
          Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.
          More members than one are against your plan.

          一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时, 谓语通常用复数形式:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes,
          compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。

          但如果主语用a kind of , a pair of , a series of等加名词构成时, 谓语动词一般用单数形式。A pair of
          shoes was on the desk.

          并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时, 谓语动词用单数形式, 这时and后面的名词没有冠词。例如:
          Truth and honesty is the best policy.
          The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor.
          To love and to be loved is the great happiness.
          Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
          A knife and fork is on the table.

          当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as , no less than, along with, with, like,
          rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition
          to等引导的词组时, 其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如:
          The teacher as well as the students was excited.
          The room with its furniture was rented.

          A (great) number of修饰可数复数名词, 谓语动词用复数; a great deal of,a large amount of
          修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

          关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时, 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。例如:
          Those who want to go please sign your names here.
          Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.

          季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称,球类、棋类名词名称前一般不加冠词。
          1/2 one(a) half 1/4 one(a) quarter

     


          形容词的顺序:
          系动词be,grow,get,become,feel,appear,prove,seem,look,keep,smell,taste,sound,turn,remain限定词+数量形容词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国藉+材料
          Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table

          某些以a-开首的形容词例如:afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake, alive 等只能作表语,不能作定语。

          某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词:friendly,lively,
          lovely,lonely,likely,deadly,silly,orderly, timely等。
          1)close接近地 closely仔细地,密切地
          2)free 免费地 freely自由地,无拘束地
          3)hard努力地 hardly几乎不
          4)late 晚,迟 lately 近来
          5)most 极,非常 mostly主要地
          6)wide广阔地,充分地 widely广泛地
          7)high高 highly高度地,非常地
          8)deep深,迟 deeply抽象意义的“深”
          9)loud大声地 loudly大声地(含有喧闹的意思)
          10)near邻近 nearly几乎

     

     

          bad/ill,badly worse worst little less least


          表示一方不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构表示:This room is less beautiful than that one.

          表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如:even,a lot,a bit,a
          little,still,much,far, yet, by far等修饰:He works even harder than before.
          注意:by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面,应在二者中间加“the”。
          He is taller by far than his brother.
          He is by far the taller of the two brothers.

          某些以-or结尾的形容词进行比较时,用to代替than。superior,junior,senior等。
          He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.

          在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物,one既可指人,也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词。例如:
          The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.
          A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.

          表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
          A is three (four,etc.) times the size (height, length, width,etc) of B.
          The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.
          这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。[高三倍]
          A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.
          Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
          A is three (four,etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B.
          例如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.
          你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

          表示两倍可以用 twice 或 double。

          表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent,extreme,perfect等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。

          如果复数名词前有many、few,不可数名词前有much、little等表示量的形容词时,该用so而不用such。如:
          I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.
          Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and
          soul together.

          但little不表示数量而表示“小”的意思时,仍用such。如:
          They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by
          themselves.

          6)almost与nearly

          在very, pretty, not后用nearly, 不用almost。例如:
          I’m not nearly ready.

          在any, no, none, never前用almost, 不用nearly。例如:
          I almost never see her.


          need 表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should
          代替。例如:
          You needn’t come so early.

          Need I finish the work today? --Yes, you must.
          注意:needn’t

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